![]() This was followed by levels of parking, office, residential, and finally dining, observation, and broadcasting facilities. The complex programmatic design placed commercial space on a sub-level concourse and the first five levels. The building’s structural, programmatic, and architectural innovations combine to create a design that is heralded for its elegant simplicity.Īs one of the world’s first mixed-use tall building projects, the John Hancock Center design was influential in its internal organization. Over forty years after completion, the 875 North Michigan Avenue has established itself as one of the world’s most recognized skyscrapers and an iconic example of late twentieth century Chicago design, construction, and engineering. Within a composite building’s primary structural elements. Where known, the CTBUH database breaks out the materials used Examples include buildings which utilize: steel columns with a floor system of reinforcedĬoncrete beams a steel frame system with a concrete core concrete-encased steel columns Ĭoncrete-filled steel tubes etc. steel, concrete, timber) are used together in the main structuralĮlements. ForĮxample, a Steel Over Concrete indicates an all-steel structural system located on top of anĪll-concrete structural system, with the opposite true of Concrete Over Steel.Ī combination of materials (e.g. all-steel, all-concrete, all-timber), one on top of the other. Or concrete slab on top of timber beams is still considered an “all-timber” structure as theĬoncrete elements are not acting as the primary structure. Note that a building of timber construction with a floor system of concrete planks An all-timber structure may include the use of localized non-timber connections between Reinforced concrete which has been precast as individual components and assembled togetherįrom timber. Note that a building of steel construction with a floor system of concrete planks orĬoncrete slab on top of steel beams is still considered an “all-steel” structure as the concreteĮlements are not acting as the primary structure.įrom concrete which has been cast in place and utilizes steel reinforcement bars and/or steel Both the main vertical/lateral structural elements and the floor spanning systems are constructedįrom steel.
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